Biblical Numerology ChartWhat Numbers Mean in the Bible
Seven for completion, twelve for God's people, forty for testing: the numbers of Scripture, what each one means, and the verse it is known by.
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Numbers in Scripture
Scripture counts with meaning. Seven closes the week of creation with a blessing, twelve names the tribes and the apostles, and forty measures every season of testing: the rain of the flood (Genesis 7:12), Israel's years in the wilderness (Numbers 14:33), Moses on the mountain (Exodus 24:18) and Jesus' fast (Matthew 4:2).
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Where the "prophetic" meanings come from
The meanings most often quoted, grace for five, man for six, judgment for nine, come from E. W. Bullinger's Number in Scripture, published in London in 1894. They are one careful reader's conclusions from the passages rather than definitions the Bible gives, and each number page here names them as his.
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Letters that were numbers
In the languages of the Bible the letters were the numerals: in Hebrew aleph is 1, bet 2, yod 10 and qof 100; in Greek alpha is 1, iota 10 and rho 100. That is why a word can be added up, the practice the rabbis called gematria, and why Revelation can say the number of the beast "is the number of a man" (Revelation 13:18).
Biblical numerology chart
Each number with its classic meaning (after Bullinger), the verse it is best known by, and the Hebrew letter that wrote it:
| Number | Meaning | Key verse | Hebrew letter |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | unity and primacy | Deuteronomy 6:4 | aleph (א) |
| 2 | difference, division and witness | 2 Corinthians 13:1 | bet (ב) |
| 3 | divine perfection | 1 Corinthians 15:4 | gimel (ג) |
| 4 | creation and the world | Genesis 1:14 | dalet (ד) |
| 5 | grace | 1 Samuel 17:40 | he (ה) |
| 6 | man and his labor | Revelation 13:18 | vav (ו) |
| 7 | spiritual perfection | Genesis 2:3 | zayin (ז) |
| 8 | resurrection and new beginning | 1 Peter 3:20 | chet (ח) |
| 9 | finality and judgment | Galatians 5:22-23 | tet (ט) |
| 10 | ordinal perfection | Exodus 34:28 | yod (י) |
| 11 | disorder and incompleteness | Matthew 20:6 | yod-aleph (יא) |
| 12 | governmental perfection | Revelation 21:12 | yod-bet (יב) |
| 40 | testing and trial | Matthew 4:2 | mem (מ) |
| 70 | the nations, the elders and a full span of years | Jeremiah 25:11 | ayin (ע) |
| 144 | the people of God made complete | Revelation 7:4 | qof-mem-dalet (קמד) |
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Research and editorial references used for this page include:
- E. W. Bullinger, Number in Scripture (London, 1894), Internet Archive - The source of the "prophetic" meanings: one unity, two difference, three divine perfection, four creation, five grace, six man, seven spiritual perfection, eight resurrection, nine finality or judgment, ten ordinal perfection, eleven disorder, twelve governmental perfection.
Scripture is quoted from the King James Version. The classic number meanings are E. W. Bullinger's (1894), named as his reading rather than as definitions the Bible gives.
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Common questions
What is biblical numerology?
The study of how numbers carry meaning in Scripture: seven for completion, twelve for God's people, forty for testing. It reads the numbers the text itself uses, not the reader's birth date.
What do the numbers 1 to 12 mean in the Bible?
In the classic reading: 1 unity, 2 witness and division, 3 divine fullness, 4 the created world, 5 grace, 6 man, 7 completion, 8 new beginning, 9 finality and fruit, 10 complete order, 11 disorder, 12 God's people and government.
Who wrote the prophetic meanings of numbers?
Most of the meanings quoted today come from E. W. Bullinger's Number in Scripture (1894). They are his readings of the passages, not definitions stated in the Bible.
Is biblical numerology the same as numerology?
No. Modern numerology calculates personal numbers from a name or birth date; biblical numerology reads the numbers already written into the text.
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