Kp
A three-hour planetary measure of geomagnetic disturbance on a scale from 0 to 9.
NOAA observations · physical Sun–Earth system
Space Weather
Read the current planetary Kp index and GOES X-ray class, then understand what NOAA space-weather scales do and do not say.
Direct answer
Space weather describes changing physical conditions from the Sun through near-Earth space. The live cards report the latest Kp and GOES soft X-ray classification returned by The Great Almanac endpoint, with observation time and direct NOAA source links.
GOES X-rays
Satellite measurements used to classify solar flares as A, B, C, M, or X with a numeric multiplier.
NOAA scales
G describes geomagnetic storms, R radio blackouts, and S solar radiation storms; they are related but not interchangeable.
Physical space weather · refreshes hourly
The Sun–Earth Weather Dial
Current instrument readings with their observation time. No personal, medical, or spiritual state is inferred.
Kp is planetary context, not a local aurora forecast. GOES X-ray class is not a geomagnetic-storm forecast. Use the linked NOAA products for operational decisions.
The Sun–Earth chain
Solar flares can increase electromagnetic radiation within minutes. Coronal mass ejections can carry magnetized plasma that reaches Earth later and may disturb the magnetosphere. Energetic particles create another hazard channel. Because these phenomena travel differently, a flare class alone does not specify the future geomagnetic response, and a current Kp value does not tell you what the Sun emitted days earlier.
How to read the live cards
The solar card uses the latest available GOES 0.1–0.8 nanometer X-ray flux and converts it into the familiar flare class. The geomagnetic card uses NOAA’s planetary K-index product. Both carry a timestamp. If a feed is missing, the page says pending rather than replacing the observation with a typical value or symbolic guess.
NOAA scales separate different impacts
The G scale classifies geomagnetic storms, the R scale classifies radio blackouts associated with X-ray flares, and the S scale classifies solar radiation storms. A number such as G2 cannot be substituted for R2 or S2. Impact descriptions are broad operational guidance; actual effects depend on technology, location, system design, and event duration.
What people may notice directly
Aurora is the most familiar visible result of geomagnetic activity, but visibility depends on the auroral oval, darkness, cloud, latitude, and horizon. Most other important impacts concern radio, navigation, satellites, power systems, and aviation operations. Personal health or mood claims are not established by the live measurements shown here.
Observation versus symbolic “energy”
Kp and X-ray flux are instrument measurements with definitions and units. Spiritual or astrological interpretations of solar activity are optional meaning-making and should never be blended into the source label. Do not use a space-weather reading to diagnose symptoms, predict behavior, or replace official emergency and infrastructure guidance.
Sources and live-data notes
- NOAA SWPC: Space Weather Scales ↗Official R, S, and G scale meanings and impacts.
- NOAA SWPC: Planetary K-index ↗The planetary Kp product used by the Almanac space-weather endpoint.
- NOAA SWPC: GOES X-ray Flux ↗The GOES soft X-ray product used to classify current solar flare activity.
- NOAA SWPC: Aurora Dashboard ↗Forecast imagery and official aurora context; a global Kp value alone is not a local forecast.
- The Great Almanac live APISame-origin gateway for the latest NOAA-derived Kp and GOES X-ray reading.
Continue through the Sky & Time Almanac
Cluster hubSky & Time AlmanacAll observation guides, live instruments, and source boundaries.
Geomagnetic index · 0 to 9Kp IndexSee the current planetary Kp reading and understand its 0–9 scale, three-hour cadence, NOAA storm threshold, and limits for local aurora viewing.
Northern and southern lightsAuroraUse current Kp as context, then learn why aurora visibility requires an oval forecast, darkness, weather, geomagnetic latitude, and a clear horizon.
GOES soft X-rays · A through XSolar FlaresSee the latest GOES soft X-ray class and learn how A, B, C, M, and X flare classes differ from CMEs, geomagnetic storms, and radio-blackout scales.
Magnetosphere · NOAA G scaleGeomagnetic StormsUnderstand NOAA’s G1–G5 geomagnetic storm scale, its Kp relationship, possible technology effects, and why current Kp is not a future local forecast.
Common questions
How often does the space-weather panel update?
It loads the latest endpoint snapshot when the page opens and checks again on the next UTC hour while the page remains open. The source products have their own reporting cadences.
Does an X-class flare guarantee a geomagnetic storm?
No. X-ray flare class and geomagnetic disturbance measure different parts of the Sun–Earth system. CME direction and magnetic structure matter.
Does high Kp guarantee aurora over my city?
No. Kp is planetary context, not a location-specific visibility forecast. Use an aurora oval forecast plus local darkness and weather.
