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Lives and legends

H. Spencer Lewis

1883 to 1939

H. Spencer Lewis: a portrait
An engraving drawn after a portrait of the time.
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Who was H. Spencer Lewis, and what is truly known of them?

What is known

American commercial artist and advertising man, born at Frenchtown, New Jersey. In 1904 he started a small society for psychical research in New York, and in 1915 he founded there the Ancient and Mystical Order Rosae Crucis, AMORC, which taught by lessons sent through the post. He moved its seat to San Francisco, to Tampa and in 1927 to San Jose, California, where he built Rosicrucian Park with an Egyptian museum and a planetarium. Through the 1920s and 1930s he fought a long dispute in print with R. Swinburne Clymer, head of a rival Rosicrucian body, over which of them was genuine. His son Ralph succeeded him.

The teaching

Taught from his books for AMORC, above all Rosicrucian Questions and Answers (1929) and Mansions of the Soul (1930).

The order's tradition

He taught that the Rosicrucian order is far older than its name. In his account it began as a school of mysteries founded in Egypt by the pharaoh Thutmose III and raised to its height under Akhenaten; its teaching passed through Greece and Rome, came to France under Charlemagne, and was led in later ages by Francis Bacon among others. The order, he held, lives in cycles of one hundred and eight years in each land, a time of public work followed by a time of silence, and its first American cycle began with the mystics who settled in Pennsylvania in 1694.

That is the order's tradition as he taught it. Nothing written before AMORC's own founding bears the descent out, and the Rosicrucian story itself begins with the German manifestos of the seventeenth century, which the orders art's branch The Rosicrucians teaches.

Lessons at home

AMORC teaches by post. The member receives a lesson each week and studies it at home in a sanctum, a quiet corner or room set aside with a small altar and candles, where the lesson is read, its exercises done and their results noted. The lessons rise by degrees, from the first studies of the neophyte to the temple degrees, and each rests on the last, so that the student tests every principle in their own life before going on.

The Cosmic and the Master Within

Behind all things, in his teaching, stands the Cosmic: the universal mind and order in which every thing has its place and its law. One energy runs through it, which the lessons call Nous. As what they call Spirit, a word they keep for the energy of matter and not for the soul, it builds every atom; as the Vital Life Force it animates living bodies. The soul is something else again, a spark of the universal soul dwelling in each person as the Master Within, whose voice is intuition and conscience. The student's work is to attune the outer self to that inner master, and through it to the Cosmic.

The picture and the release

The lessons teach a method for the affairs of life. The student first makes a clear mental picture of what is wanted, as complete and exact as possible; then, in the sanctum, concentrates on it with feeling for a short time; and then releases it to the Cosmic, without dwelling on it or repeating it anxiously, trusting the inner law to work. The house teaches it as his teaching and promises no result.

The cycles of life

In Self Mastery and Fate with the Cycles of Life he set out a law of periodicity. Each person's year runs from birthday to birthday and falls into seven periods of about fifty-two days, each with its own character, favourable to some kinds of undertaking and not to others, and each day is divided into periods in the same way. The student works out the tide of each period from their own birthday and times their affairs by it, so that the one who knows the cycles works with them instead of being carried by them.

Mansions of the soul

His teaching on rebirth is exact. Each soul personality returns to earth again and again, keeping its identity from life to life, and the average time from one birth to the next is one hundred and forty-four years. A person was meant to live the whole span in the body and then pass almost at once into a new one; but people have shortened their lives by breaking natural law, and so the soul waits in the Cosmic for the rest of the span. One who dies at eighty waits sixty-four years before being born again. Death, in the order's word, is transition.

Karma, in the same book, is the law of compensation, and it is never vengeful. It does not ask an eye for an eye; its purpose is to guide, its methods are to instruct, its working is to redeem. It may lighten a hard trial for the one who sees the justice of the debt and learns the lesson in it, and in this lawful working he finds the true root of salvation by grace and redemption by making good.

The Cathedral of the Soul

The order's members, and anyone else who wishes, are taught to meet in a cathedral that has no walls: the Cathedral of the Soul, a meeting place in the Cosmic to which each turns in meditation at set hours, joining in thought all who attune at the same time. It needs no building and no ceremony, only stillness and the wish to be joined with others for good.

The hidden life of Jesus and the lost land

Two of his books carry the order's lore beyond its walls. The one on Jesus tells of an initiate trained among the Essenes and in the temples of Egypt, from records the order is said to hold; the one on Lemuria, signed with another name, tells of a continent in the Pacific whose people had a sense organ in the forehead by which they knew each other's minds, and of survivors who still live hidden inside Mount Shasta. Both are the order's lore and no history: no such records have been shown, and there is no sunken land in the Pacific. The legend of Lemuria is taught where it began on the lost worlds art's branch Lemuria and Mu.

Orders and memberships

Founder and first Imperator of AMORC, 1915. In 1921 he received a charter from Theodor Reuss, head of the Ordo Templi Orientis. Both documented. That he was initiated into an old Rosicrucian order at Toulouse in 1909 rests on his own account.

The legend

That AMORC descends from a mystery school of the pharaohs Thutmose III and Akhenaten, and that Francis Bacon and others led it in their day. No document older than 1915 supports this. In 1916 he showed a New York audience what he said was zinc turned to gold; the result was never independently tested.

Their works

  1. Rosicrucian Questions and Answers with Complete HistoryBook, 1929

    His account of the Rosicrucian order, which traces AMORC back to a mystery school of the pharaohs Thutmose III and Akhenaten and through Francis Bacon and others. It became the standard history taught to members. No document older than 1915 supports the descent it claims.

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  2. The Mystical Life of JesusBook, 1929

    His book telling of Jesus as an initiate of the Essenes and of Egyptian mysteries, drawn, he said, from Rosicrucian records. It is the most popular of his books outside the order. No such records have been shown, and historians do not accept its account.

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  3. Mansions of the SoulBook, 1930

    His book on reincarnation as he taught it in AMORC, with its cycles of rebirth and the law of karma. It argues that rebirth is taught in the Bible. It sets out a belief of the order and no historical finding.

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  4. Lemuria, the Lost Continent of the PacificBook, 1931

    A book on a lost continent in the Pacific, signed with the name Wishar S. Cervé. It helped spread the legend of Lemuria and of a hidden people living in Mount Shasta. There is no geological evidence for such a continent.

    Signed Wishar S. Cervé; it is generally held to be his own work.

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  5. Rosicrucian ParkBuilding, from 1927

    The seat of AMORC at San Jose in California, which he planned with buildings in the Egyptian style. Its Egyptian museum holds a real collection of antiquities and is visited by schools and the public.

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How the house tells a life

This life is told from the record, with what is documented, what is legend and what was forged kept apart. A membership in an order is stated only where documents show it. A person’s chart explains none of their deeds.

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