Jane Roberts
1929 to 1984

Who was Jane Roberts, and what is truly known of them?
What is known
American poet and novelist, born at Albany and raised at Saratoga Springs, who studied at Skidmore College and lived at Elmira, New York, with her husband, the painter Robert Butts. After trying a Ouija board with him late in 1963 she began to speak in trance as a personality that called itself Seth, and Butts took down the sessions in his own shorthand for twenty years. The Seth Material (1970), Seth Speaks (1972) and The Nature of Personal Reality (1974) carried into the New Age the phrase that each person creates their own reality. She died in 1984 after a long illness with rheumatoid arthritis. Her papers are at Yale.
The teaching
Taught from the Seth books she spoke in trance, above all Seth Speaks (1972) and The Nature of Personal Reality (1974).
Each person creates their reality
The teaching of the Seth books turns on one sentence: each person creates their own reality. Physical experience, in Seth's account, is not imposed from outside but formed from within, out of a person's beliefs, thoughts, feelings and imagination, so that the world each one meets is the outward picture of what they inwardly hold. To change experience, change the beliefs that form it.
Beliefs can be seen
Beliefs, Seth teaches, are not buried out of reach. They are held in the conscious mind and can be looked at there like the furniture of a room. His exercise is to write them down: what one believes about one's body, about other people, about money and work, about oneself, and to notice which of them are taken as facts about the world. Some are core beliefs, holding others in place. Feeling and imagination follow belief, and so a belief seen as only a belief can be changed, by imagining vividly and with feeling what its opposite would bring, and by acting as though it were true.
The point of power
The present, Seth says, is the point of power. Neither the past nor the future is fixed: the remembered past is reshaped by present belief, and the future grows from what is believed and imagined now, so that no one is chained by their history. The exercise is to sit quietly, feel the body in this moment, know that this moment is where every change is made, and then picture the state wanted, with feeling, for a few minutes, before letting it go and acting in the ordinary way.
The entity and simultaneous time
Each person, in this teaching, is part of a greater self, the entity, which lives many lives, and the lives are not truly in a row. Time is simultaneous: all of a soul's lives, which we call past and future, are happening at once, and each can draw on the others. Every choice not taken is lived out as well, by probable selves in probable worlds, so that no possibility is wasted.
Consciousness in all things
Everything that exists has consciousness, down to the smallest particle, and there is no dead matter. Seth names units of consciousness, from which come the electromagnetic energy units that build the physical world, so that matter is consciousness taking form, and the body's cells have an awareness of their own. The inner senses, which work without the body, perceive this inner side of things; the first exercise the books give for them is to sit or lie quietly with the eyes closed for a short time each day, attending to the inner images and sounds that come of themselves, which Seth calls psychological time.
Dreams and death
Sleep is not idle. In dreams, Seth teaches, the self works out problems, gathers knowledge, meets others and rehearses the future, and much of what happens by day is prepared by night. Death is no end but a change of surroundings. The self moves on, may not at first know that it has died, is met by others who help it, looks back over the life it has lived, and chooses what to do next: to rest, to learn, or to be born again. There is no hell but the ones beliefs make, and those can be left.
Framework 1 and Framework 2
Late in the series Seth gives a picture of how events are made. Framework 1 is the world of ordinary cause and effect, where effort, planning and the senses work. Framework 2 is the inner, creative medium behind it, where intentions are taken up and events are arranged in ways no plan could manage. The teaching is to state an intention clearly, trust it to Framework 2 and stop worrying at the means, while living well in Framework 1; anxiety, in this teaching, is the belief that the inner medium cannot be trusted.
Health and belief
The same teaching is turned on the body. The Seth books hold that health and illness follow belief and feeling like everything else, that a symptom may serve a purpose the person does not see, and that changed beliefs change the body. That is a belief, and no evidence bears it out. The house adds what it says everywhere: an illness is no one's fault, it belongs with a doctor, and no teaching promises a cure.
Orders and memberships
No order is documented. She joined no Spiritualist church and founded no organisation; she held a weekly class at her home in Elmira.
The legend
That Seth was a being apart from her. She did not settle the question herself, and wrote that he might be a part of her own mind speaking; nothing he said has been shown to be knowledge she could not have had. She also published books given as the words of the dead, the philosopher William James and the painter Cézanne among them, which are her writing. The teaching that people make their own illness is a belief, and no evidence supports it.
Their works
- Seth SpeaksBook, 1972
A book she spoke in trance as Seth, taken down by her husband Robert Butts. It teaches that each person creates their own reality. Nothing in it has been shown to be knowledge she could not have had.
She gave it as the words of Seth, and that is her account.
Ask the Oracle about it - The Seth MaterialBook, 1970
Her own account of how the sessions with Seth began in 1963 and what they taught, mixing her story with passages of his words. It was the first book to bring Seth to a wide public. Whether Seth was a being apart from her she left open.
Ask the Oracle about it - How to Develop Your ESP PowerBook, 1966
Her first book on psychic matters, later printed as The Coming of Seth, telling of the Ouija board, the first sessions and her own doubts. It is her early telling of what happened. It also offers exercises she had tried herself.
Ask the Oracle about it - The Education of Oversoul SevenNovel, 1973
A novel about a young soul learning its craft by watching over the many lives it lives at once. It turns the Seth teaching on time and the self into story, with humour. It is among the best loved of her books.
Ask the Oracle about it - The Nature of Personal RealityBook, 1974
A Seth book on how belief shapes experience. It is one of the most influential of the series. Its teaching that people make their own illness is a belief, and no evidence supports it.
She gave it as the words of Seth, and that is her account.
Ask the Oracle about it - The World View of Paul CézanneBook, 1977
A book she gave as the outlook of the painter Cézanne, received in states like those of the Seth sessions. It speaks of art, seeing and the painter’s life. It is her writing, and shows her range beyond Seth.
Given as the words of the dead painter, it is her own writing.
Ask the Oracle about it - The Afterdeath Journal of an American PhilosopherBook, 1978
A book she gave as the thoughts of the philosopher William James after his death, received in states like those of the Seth sessions. It speaks of the afterlife and of America. It is her writing, one of her later works.
Given as the words of William James, it is her own writing.
Ask the Oracle about it
How the house tells a life
This life is told from the record, with what is documented, what is legend and what was forged kept apart. A membership in an order is stated only where documents show it. A person’s chart explains none of their deeds.
The arts it feeds
Lives near it in time
Lives and legends
Dion FortuneManly P. HallIsrael RegardieFranz BardonHelen SchucmanJack ParsonsRobert MonroePierre PlantardZecharia SitchinDoreen ValienteFulcanelliAnton LaVeyThe whole tree

