Sky science
Orbital Period
Direct answer
Orbital Period is the time a body takes to complete one revolution relative to a specified reference.
It is the duration of one defined orbit cycle.
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At a glance
- Found in
- Astronomy & Skywatching
- Related
- Mean Anomaly, Eccentric Anomaly, Sidereal Period, Synodic Period
It is the duration of one defined orbit cycle.
A scientific orientation to scale, light, or motion; the article supplies the precise definition.
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The story behind Orbital Period
Repeated sky observations revealed periods long before gravitational theory explained them.
A one-minute story
The Wandering Stars
How the moving planets were watched, named and found, and what a transit is.

Why Orbital Period matters
Orbital Period organizes planetary years, satellite motion, and repeating configurations.
Orbital Period in practice: an example
Earth’s sidereal orbital period differs slightly from its seasonal year.
Sources and editorial method
Research references used for this entry include:
- NASA Science: Orbits and Kepler’s Laws - NASA explanation of orbital ellipses, orbital periods, and Kepler’s laws of planetary motion.
- NASA Science: Solar System Exploration - NASA overview of planets, moons, small bodies, rings, and the structure of the Solar System.
- Source
- The Great Almanac Dictionary
- Category
- Astronomy & Skywatching
- Last updated
- 2026-09-26
Compare different orbital periods
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Common questions
What is orbital period?
Orbital Period is the time a body takes to complete one revolution relative to a specified reference.
What do people get wrong about orbital period?
A period without its reference definition can be ambiguous.
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