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Fleur-de-lis

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Fleur-de-lis: The fleur-de-lis is a stylised lily or iris with three petals bound by a band, best known as the emblem of the kings of France and widely used in heraldry, religion and civic arms.

Mystical SystemsThe Great Almanac DictionaryUpdated 2026-09-26

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At a glance

Also called
fleur de lys, what does the fleur de lis mean
Found in
Mystical Systems
Related
Chi Rho, Celtic Cross, Triquetra, Ankh
Text and tradition · visual guide Fleur-de-lis

The fleur-de-lis is a stylised lily or iris with three petals bound by a band, best known as the emblem of the kings of France and widely used in heraldry, religion and civic arms.

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What does the fleur-de-lis symbolise?

Fleur-de-lis is French for lily flower. The figure has a tall central petal, two that curl outward and a band across the middle. Whether it began as a lily, a yellow iris or something else is debated. Similar shapes ornament sceptres and crowns in many older cultures, so the form is older than its French meaning.

In medieval France it became the mark of the crown: gold lilies on a blue field. The Church read the lily as purity and gave it to the Virgin Mary, and the three petals were taken as a sign of the Trinity. From there it spread to the arms of Florence, to Quebec, to New Orleans and to the Scout movement. It has a harsher record too: under French colonial slave law it was the brand burned into people who had tried to escape.

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What sets Fleur-de-lis apart

In heraldry the fleur-de-lis is governed by precise language, and that precision is its mark. The old royal arms are blazoned azure, semy of fleurs-de-lis or, known as France Ancient; the version with three lilies is France Modern. A variant with stamens between the petals is the Florentine lily, red on white. The figure is also one of the commonest charges for showing descent or favour, since French kings granted it to families and towns as an honour.

Often mistaken for something else: The Florentine lily shows stamens between its petals and is red on white; the French royal lily is plain, and gold on blue.

The story behind Fleur-de-lis

French kings used the lily on seals and robes from the twelfth century, under Louis VI and Louis VII. The royal arms at first showed the field strewn with lilies; Charles V reduced them to three in 1376. The tale that an angel gave the lily to Clovis at his baptism around 500 is a legend of the fourteenth century. English kings quartered the French lilies from 1340 to 1801. The Code Noir of 1685 ordered runaway slaves branded with the fleur-de-lis.

Why Fleur-de-lis matters

Few emblems show so plainly how one shape can hold royal, religious, civic and painful meanings at once.

How to read Fleur-de-lis

Heralds place it as a charge on shields; cities and teams with French roots fly it as a badge of heritage.

Fleur-de-lis in practice: an example

The blue flag of Quebec, adopted in 1948, carries four white fleurs-de-lis around a white cross.

Where readings of Fleur-de-lis go wrong

In places shaped by French slavery it can carry the memory of branding as well as of heritage.

Sources and editorial method

This entry summarizes the tradition in the Almanac's own words; where no source is listed, it is an editorial summary rather than a primary text, and symbolic readings are named as the tradition's, not as fact.

Source
The Great Almanac Dictionary
Category
Mystical Systems
Aliases
fleur de lis meaning, fleur de lys, fleur-de-lis symbol, french lily symbol, what does the fleur de lis mean
Last updated
2026-09-26

See Fleur-de-lis in your personal almanac

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Chi RhoChi Rho is an early Christian monogram for Christ. Celtic CrossCeltic Cross is a ringed cross linked with Celtic and Insular Christian art. TriquetraTriquetra means a three-cornered knot symbol used in Christian, Celtic, and modern spiritual contexts. AnkhAnkh is an Egyptian life symbol, later reused in many spiritual and popular contexts.

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Common questions

What does the fleur-de-lis symbolise?

Historically it stands for the French monarchy. In Christian art the lily means purity and is a sign of the Virgin Mary, and its three petals have been read as the Trinity. Today it often signals French heritage.

Is the fleur-de-lis a lily or an iris?

The name says lily, but many botanists and historians think the shape is closer to the yellow flag iris, which grows along French rivers. The question is not settled.

Why is the fleur-de-lis on the Scout badge?

Robert Baden-Powell took it from the north point on maps and compasses, as a sign of pointing the right way. He had used it as a badge for army scouts before founding the movement in 1907.

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